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يهوذا الخائن
3 وَدَخَلَ الشَّيْطَانُ فِي يَهُوذَا الْمَدْعُوِّ الْقَرْيُوتِيِّ، وَهُوَ وَاحِدٌ مِنَ الـ12. 4 فَذَهَبَ إِلَى رُؤَسَاءِ الْأَحْبَارِ وَقَادَةِ حَرَسِ بَيْتِ اللهِ لِمُنَاقَشَةِ خِطَّةِ تَسْلِيمِ عِيسَى لَهُمْ. 5 فَفَرِحُوا وَاتَّفَقُوا أَنْ يُعْطُوهُ بَعْضَ الْمَالِ. 6 فَوَافَقَ وَأَخَذَ يَتَرَقَّبُ الْفُرْصَةَ الْمُنَاسِبَةَ لِيُسَلِّمَهُ لَهُمْ عِنْدَمَا لَا يَكُونُ الْجُمْهُورُ مَوْجُودًا.
Judas the Traitor
3 Then Satan entered into Judas, called Iscariot, who was one of the Twelve. 4 So he went to the chief priests and to the captains of the temple guard to discuss a plan for handing Jesus over to them. 5 They were delighted and agreed to give him some money. 6 He accepted and began watching for a suitable opportunity to hand him over to them when a crowd was not present.
العيد
7 وَجَاءَ يَوْمُ الْفَطِيرِ الَّذِي كَانَ مِنْ عَادَتِهِمْ أَنْ يَذْبَحُوا فِيهِ حَمَلَ الْفِصْحِ.* 8 فَأَرْسَلَ عِيسَى بُطْرُسَ وَيُوحَنَّا وَقَالَ لَهُمَا: ”اِذْهَبَا وَجَهِّزَا لَنَا لِنَأْكُلَ عَشَاءَ الْفِصْحِ.“ 9 فَقَالَا: ”أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ أَنْ نُجَهِّزَهُ؟“ 10 فَقَالَ لَهُمَا: ”عِنْدَمَا تَدْخُلَانِ الْمَدِينَةَ، يُقَابِلُكُمَا رَجُلٌ حَامِلٌ جَرَّةَ مَاءٍ. اِتْبَعَاهُ إِلَى الدَّارِ الَّتِي يَدْخُلُهَا، 11 وَقُولَا لِرَبِّ الدَّارِ: ’الْمُعَلِّمُ يَقُولُ لَكَ: ”أَيْنَ الْغُرْفَةُ الَّتِي آكُلُ فِيهَا عَشَاءَ الْفِصْحِ مَعَ تَلَامِيذِي؟“‘ 12 فَيُرِيكُمَا غُرْفَةً كَبِيرَةً مَفْرُوشَةً فِي الطَّابِقِ الْأَعْلَى، هُنَاكَ جَهِّزَا.“ 13 فَذَهَبَا وَوَجَدَا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ كَمَا قَالَ لَهُمَا عِيسَى وَجَهَّزَا الْفِصْحَ.
The Festival
7 Next came the day of Unleavened Bread, on which it was customary to slaughter the Passover lamb.* 8 So Jesus sent Peter and John, telling them, “Go and arrange for us to eat the Passover supper.” 9 They asked, “Where do you want us to arrange it?” 10 So he said to them, “When you enter the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him to the house he enters 11 and say to the head of the house, ‘The Teacher says to you: “Where is the room where I will eat the Passover supper with my disciples?”’ 12 He will show you a large furnished room on the upper floor. Make arrangements there.” 13 So they went and found everything just as Jesus had told them, and they made arrangements for the Passover.
14 وَلَمَّا حَانَتِ السَّاعَةُ،* جَلَسَ عِيسَى وَرُسُلُهُ إِلَى الْمَائِدَةِ.* 15 وَقَالَ لَهُمْ: ”اِشْتَقْتُ مِنْ قَلْبِي أَنْ آكُلَ هَذَا الْفِصْحَ مَعَكُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَتَأَلَّمَ. 16 لِأَنِّي أُؤَكِّدُ لَكُمْ أَنِّي لَنْ آكُلَ مِنْهُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى، حَتَّى يَتَحَقَّقَ مَعْنَاهُ الْمَقْصُودُ فِي مَمْلَكَةِ اللهِ.“ 17 وَأَخَذَ كَأْسًا، وَشَكَرَ وَقَالَ: ”خُذُوا هَذِهِ وَاقْتَسِمُوهَا بَيْنَكُمْ. 18 لِأَنِّي أُؤَكِّدُ لَكُمْ أَنِّي لَنْ أَشْرَبَ مِنْ عَصِيرِ الْكَرْمَةِ* مَرَّةً أُخْرَى حَتَّى تَجِيءُ مَمْلَكَةُ اللهِ.“*
14 When the hour came,* Jesus and his apostles sat down to dinner.* 15 He said to them, “I have longed with [all] my heart to eat this Passover with you before I suffer. 16 For I assure you that I will not eat it again until its intended meaning is fulfilled in the Kingdom of God.” 17 Then he took a cup, gave thanks, and said, “Take this and share it among yourselves. 18 For I assure you that I will not drink the juice of the grapevine* again until the Kingdom of God comes.”*
عشاء المسيح
19 وَأَخَذَ عِيسَى خُبْزًا وَشَكَرَ اللهَ وَكَسَرَ وَأَعْطَاهُمْ، وَقَالَ: ”هَذَا هُوَ جِسْمِيَ الَّذِي يُعْطَى مِنْ أَجْلِكُمْ. اِعْمَلُوا هَذَا تَذْكَارًا لِي.“ 20 وَبِنَفْسِ الطَّرِيقَةِ، أَخَذَ الْكَأْسَ بَعْدَ الْعَشَاءِ وَقَالَ: ”هَذِهِ الْكَأْسُ هِيَ الْعَهْدُ* الْجَدِيدُ، يَعْمَلُهُ اللهُ مَعَكُمْ بِدَمِيَ الَّذِي يُسْفَكُ مِنْ أَجْلِكُمْ. 21 لَكِنِ انْتَبِهُوا! الَّذِي يَخُونُنِي مَوْجُودٌ مَعِي عَلَى الْمَائِدَةِ. 22 الَّذِي صَارَ بَشَرًا سَيَمُوتُ كَمَا هُوَ مُقَرَّرٌ، لَكِنْ يَا وَيْلَ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَخُونُهُ!“ 23 فَأَخَذَ التَّلَامِيذُ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ: ”مَنْ مِنَّا هُوَ الَّذِي سَيَعْمَلُ هَذَا؟“
The Supper of the Messiah
19 Jesus took bread and thanked God. Then he broke [it] and gave [it] to them, saying, “This is my body, which is given for your sake. Do this in commemoration of me.” 20 In the same way, he took the cup after supper and said, “This cup is the new covenant* that God is making with you with my blood, which is shed for your sake. 21 But pay attention! The one betraying me is present with me at the dinner table. 22 The One Who Became Man will die just as it was decreed, but how terrible it will be for that man who betrays him!” 23 So the disciples began to ask among themselves: “Which one of us is going to do this?”
خادم الناس أعظمهم
24 وَحَدَثَ جِدَالٌ أَيْضًا بَيْنَهُمْ بِشَأْنِ مَنْ فِيهِمْ هُوَ أَعْظَمُ وَاحِدٍ. 25 فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عِيسَى: ”مُلُوكُ الشُّعُوبِ يَتَسَيَّدُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَأَصْحَابُ السُّلْطَةِ عِنْدَهُمْ يُعْطُونَهُمْ لَقَبَ ’الْمُحْسِنِ‘ 26 أَمَّا أَنْتُمْ فَلَا يَجِبُ أَنْ يَحْدُثَ هَذَا مَعَكُمْ. بَلْ أَعْظَمُ وَاحِدٍ فِيكُمْ يَجِبُ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَأَصْغَرِ وَاحِدٍ، وَالرَّئِيسُ يَجِبُ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَالْخَادِمِ. 27 لِأَنَّ مَنْ أَعْظَمُ، هَلِ الَّذِي يَجْلِسُ إِلَى الْمَائِدَةِ أَمِ الَّذِي يَخْدِمُ؟ طَبْعًا الَّذِي يَجْلِسُ إِلَى الْمَائِدَةِ! وَلَكِنِّي أَنَا بَيْنَكُمْ كَالَّذِي يَخْدِمُ!
One Who Serves People is the Greatest Among Them
24 A dispute also took place among them about who was the greatest one among them. 25 So Jesus said to them, “The kings of the nations dominate them, and those in authority among them are given the title ‘Benefactor.’ 26 But as for you, this should never happen with you. Rather, the greatest one among you should be like the youngest, and the leader should be like a servant. 27 For who is greater: Is it the one who sits at dinner, or the one who serves? Of course, it is the one who sits at dinner! But I myself am among you as the one who serves!
28 ”وَأَنْتُمُ الَّذِينَ وَقَفْتُمْ مَعِي فِي مِحَنِي، 29 سَأُعْطِيكُمُ السُّلْطَةَ لِتَمْلِكُوا كَمَا أَعْطَانِي أَبِي السُّلْطَةَ لِأَمْلِكَ، 30 فَتَأْكُلُونَ وَتَشْرَبُونَ عَلَى مَائِدَتِي فِي مَمْلَكَتِي، وَتَجْلِسُونَ عَلَى عُرُوشٍ لِتَحْكُمُوا قَبَائِلَ إِسْرَائِيلَ الـ12.
28 “You who have stood with me in my trials: 29 I will give you the authority to reign, just as my Father has given me the authority to reign, 30 and so you will eat and drink at my table in my kingdom and sit on thrones, governing the twelve tribes of Israel.
بطرس سينكره
31 ”يَا سَمْعَانُ، يَا سَمْعَانُ، طَلَبَ الشَّيْطَانُ أَنْ يَمْتَحِنَكُمْ كَمَا يُغَرْبِلُ الْفَلَّاحُ الْقَمْحَ. 32 لَكِنِّي دَعَوْتُ اللهَ مِنْ أَجْلِكَ يَا سَمْعَانُ، لِكَيْ لَا يَفْشَلَ إِيمَانُكَ. فَمَتَى رَجَعْتَ إِلَيَّ يَجِبُ أَنْ تُقَوِّيَ إِخْوَتَكَ.“* 33 فَقَالَ: ”يَا سَيِّدِي، أَنَا مُسْتَعِدٌّ أَنْ أَذْهَبَ مَعَكَ إِلَى السِّجْنِ وَإِلَى الْمَوْتِ.“ 34 فَأَجَابَ: ”يَا بُطْرُسُ، قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصِيحَ الدِّيكُ الْيَوْمَ، تُنْكِرُ 3 مَرَّاتٍ أَنَّكَ تَعْرِفُنِي.“
Peter Will Deny Him
31 “Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to test you [all] just as a farmer sifts wheat. 32 But I have prayed to God for you, Simon, that your faith will not fail. Then when you have returned to me, you must strengthen your brothers.*” 33 He said, “Master, I am ready to go with you to prison and to death.” 34 But [Jesus] replied, “Peter, before the rooster crows today, you will deny three times that you know me.”
35 وَقَالَ لَهُمْ: ”لَمَّا أَرْسَلْتُكُمْ بِلَا مَحْفَظَةٍ وَلَا كِيسِ أَكْلٍ* وَلَا حِذَاءٍ، هَلِ احْتَجْتُمْ إِلَى شَيْءٍ؟“ قَالُوا: ”لَا.“ 36 فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: ”أَمَّا الْآنَ فَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ مَحْفَظَةٌ خَلُّوهُ يَأْخُذُهَا، وَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ كِيسُ أَكْلٍ يَأْخُذُهُ. وَمَنْ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ سَيْفٌ، يَبِيعُ ثَوْبَهُ وَيَشْتَرِيَ سَيْفًا. 37 أُؤَكِّدُ لَكُمْ، يَجِبُ أَنْ يَتِمَّ فِيَّ قَوْلُ الْكِتَابِ: * ’حُسِبَ مَعَ الْمُذْنِبِينَ‘ لِأَنَّ مَا يَقُولُهُ الْكِتَابُ عَنِّي سَيَتِمُّ.“ 38 فَقَالَ التَّلَامِيذُ: ”اُنْظُرْ يَا سَيِّدُ، هُنَا سَيْفَانِ.“ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: ”كَفَاكُمْ!“
35 Then he said to them, “When I sent you out with neither a moneybag, nor a food bag,* nor sandals, did you need anything?” They replied, “No.” 36 He said to them, “But now, whoever has a moneybag should take it [with him], and whoever has a food bag should take it. And whoever does not have a sword with him should sell his coat and buy a sword. 37 I assure you, this passage of Scripture must be fulfilled in me: ‘He was counted with the evildoers.’ For what the Scriptures say about me will be fulfilled.”* 38 The disciples said, “Look, Master, here are two swords.” He said to them, “That's enough!”
في جسيماني
39 وَخَرَجَ وَذَهَبَ كَعَادَتِهِ إِلَى جَبَلِ الزَّيْتُونِ، وَتَبِعَهُ تَلَامِيذُهُ. 40 وَلَمَّا وَصَلَ إِلَى الْمَكَانِ،* قَالَ لَهُمْ: ”صَلُّوا لِئَلَّا تَدْخُلُوا فِي مِحْنَةٍ.“* 41 ثُمَّ ابْتَعَدَ عَنْهُمْ قَلِيلًا، وَرَكَعَ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَصَلَّى وَقَالَ: 42 ”يَا أَبِي، إِنْ كُنْتَ تُرِيدُ، أَبْعِدْ عَنِّي هَذِهِ الْكَأْسَ،* لَكِنْ لِتَكُنْ إِرَادَتُكَ أَنْتَ لَا إِرَادَتِي أَنَا.“ 43 وَظَهَرَ لَهُ مَلَاكٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ يُقَوِّيهِ. 44 وَكَانَ فِي صِرَاعٍ شَدِيدٍ، فَأَخَذَ يُصَلِّي بِحَرَارَةٍ أَكْثَرَ، وَصَارَ عَرَقُهُ مِثْلَ نُقَطِ دَمٍ نَازِلَةٍ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ.
45 فَلَمَّا قَامَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ، وَرَجَعَ إِلَى التَّلَامِيذِ، وَجَدَهُمْ نَائِمِينَ مِنَ الْحُزْنِ. 46 فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: ”لِمَاذَا أَنْتُمْ نَائِمُونَ؟ قُومُوا وَصَلُّوا لِئَلَّا تَدْخُلُوا فِي مِحْنَةٍ.“
In Gethsemane
39 [Jesus] left and went, as was his custom, to the Mount of Olives, and his disciples followed him. 40 When he arrived at the place,* he said to them, “Pray that you will not enter a time of testing*.” 41 Then he withdrew from them a little, bowed down on his knees, and prayed, saying, 42 “Father, if you are willing, remove this cup from me.* But [make] what you want happen, not what I want.” 43 Then an angel from heaven appeared to him, strengthening him. 44 [Jesus] was in an intense struggle and began to pray more fervently. His sweat became like drops of blood falling on the ground.
45 When he got up from prayer and returned to the disciples, he found them sleeping because of [their] grief. 46 He said to them “Why are you sleeping? Get up and pray that you will not enter a time of testing.”
القبض على عيسى
47 وَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ يَتَكَلَّمُ، جَاءَتْ عِصَابَةٌ يَقُودُهَا الْمَدْعُوُّ يَهُوذَا الَّذِي هُوَ وَاحِدٌ مِنَ الـ12 وَاقْتَرَبَ مِنْ عِيسَى لِيُقَبِّلَهُ. 48 فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى: ”يَا يَهُوذَا، هَلْ بِقُبْلَةٍ تَخُونُ الَّذِي صَارَ بَشَرًا؟“ 49 فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَتْبَاعُ عِيسَى مَا سَيَحْدُثُ، قَالُوا: ”هَلْ نَضْرِبُ بِالسَّيْفِ يَا مَوْلَانَا؟“ 50 وَضَرَبَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ خَادِمَ رَئِيسِ الْأَحْبَارِ، فَقَطَعَ أُذُنَهُ الْيُمْنَى. 51 فَقَالَ عِيسَى: ”كُفَّ عَنْ هَذَا!“ وَلَمَسَ أُذُنَ الرَّجُلِ وَشَفَاهُ. 52 ثُمَّ قَالَ عِيسَى لِرُؤَسَاءِ الْأَحْبَارِ وَقَادَةِ حَرَسِ بَيْتِ اللهِ وَالشُّيُوخِ الَّذِينَ جَاءُوا عَلَيْهِ: ”هَلْ أَنَا لِصٌّ، حَتَّى خَرَجْتُمْ عَلَيَّ بِسُيُوفٍ وَعِصِيٍّ؟ 53 كُنْتُ مَعَكُمْ فِي سَاحَةِ بَيْتِ اللهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ، فَلَمْ تَقْبِضُوا عَلَيَّ. هَذِهِ سَاعَتُكُمْ! الْآنَ يَتَسَلَّطُ الظَّلَامُ!“ 54 فَقَبَضُوا عَلَيْهِ وَسَاقُوهُ وَأَحْضَرُوهُ إِلَى دَارِ *رَئِيسِ الْأَحْبَارِ. وَتَبِعَهُ بُطْرُسُ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ.
The Arrest of Jesus
47 While he was speaking, a mob came, led by the one called Judas, who was one of the Twelve. He approached Jesus to kiss him. 48 Jesus said to him, “Judas, is it with a kiss that you betray the One Who Became Man?” 49 When the followers of Jesus saw what was about to happen, they said, “Lord, shall we strike with the sword?” 50 Then one of them struck the servant of the high priest and cut off his right ear. 51 But Jesus said, “Stop this!” And he touched the man's ear and healed him. 52 Then Jesus said to the chief priests and the captains of the temple guard and the elders who had come against him, “Am I a robber, that you have come out against me with swords and clubs? 53 I was with you in a Temple courtyard every day, and you did not arrest me. But this is your hour! Now [is when] darkness prevails!” 54 So they arrested him and led him away and brought him into the home of the high priest, while Peter followed him at a distance.
بطرس ينكره
55 فَلَمَّا أَشْعَلُوا نَارًا فِي وَسَطِ السَّاحَةِ وَجَلَسُوا مَعًا، جَلَسَ بُطْرُسُ بَيْنَهُمْ. 56 فَرَأَتْهُ خَادِمَةٌ مِنْ خِلَالِ ضَوْءِ النَّارِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ، فَتَفَرَّسَتْ فِيهِ وَقَالَتْ: ”هَذَا الرَّجُلُ أَيْضًا كَانَ مَعَ عِيسَى.“ 57 لَكِنَّهُ أَنْكَرَ وَقَالَ: ”يَا امْرَأَةُ، أَنَا لَا أَعْرِفُهُ.“ 58 وَبَعْدَ قَلِيلٍ رَآهُ وَاحِدٌ آخَرُ وَقَالَ: ”وَأَنْتَ أَيْضًا وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ.“ لَكِنَّ بُطْرُسَ قَالَ: ”كَلَّا يَا رَجُلُ!“ 59 وَبَعْدَ حَوَالَيْ سَاعَةٍ، أَصَرَّ وَاحِدٌ آخَرُ وَقَالَ: ”بِالتَّأْكِيدِ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ أَيْضًا كَانَ مَعَ عِيسَى، لِأَنَّهُ جَلِيلِيٌّ.“ 60 لَكِنَّ بُطْرُسَ قَالَ: ”يَا رَجُلُ، أَنَا لَا أَعْرِفُ مَا تَقُولُ.“ وَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ مَا زَالَ يَتَكَلَّمُ، صَاحَ الدِّيكُ. 61 فَالْتَفَتَ مَوْلانَا عِيسَى وَنَظَرَ إِلَى بُطْرُسَ، فَتَذَكَّرَ بُطْرُسُ كَلَامَ الْمَوْلَى وَكَيْفَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ: ”قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصِيحَ الدِّيكُ الْيَوْمَ، تُنْكِرُنِي 3 مَرَّاتٍ.“* 62 فَخَرَجَ وَبَكَى بِحُرْقَةٍ.
Peter Denies Him
55 When [the servants] lit a fire in the middle of the courtyard and sat down together, Peter sat down among them. 56 A maid saw him in the firelight as he was sitting [there]. She stared at him and said, “This man was also with Jesus.” 57 But he denied [it] and said, “Woman, I don't know him.” 58 After a while someone else saw him and said, “You, too, are one of them.” But Peter said, “Not at all, man!” 59 After about an hour someone else insisted, saying, “Surely this man too was with Jesus, because he is a Galilean.” 60 But Peter said, “Man, I don't know what you're saying.” And while he was still speaking, the rooster crowed. 61 Then our Lord Jesus turned and looked at Peter, and Peter remembered what the Lord had said and how he had told him, “Before the rooster crows today, you will deny me three times.”* 62 And he went out and wept in anguish.
أمام المحكمة الدينية
63 وَالرِّجَالُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَحْرُسُونَ عِيسَى، أَخَذُوا يَهْزَأُونَ بِهِ وَيَضْرِبُونَهُ، 64 وَيُغَطُّونَ وَجْهَهُ وَيَقُولُونَ لَهُ: ”تَنَبَّأْ، مَنْ ضَرَبَكَ؟“ 65 وَوَجَّهُوا إِلَيْهِ شَتَائِمَ أُخْرَى كَثِيرَةً.
66 وَلَمَّا طَلَعَ النَّهَارُ، اِجْتَمَعَ شُيُوخُ الشَّعْبِ، وَهُمْ رُؤَسَاءُ الْأَحْبَارِ وَالْفُقَهَاءُ، وَسَاقُوا عِيسَى إِلَى مَجْلِسِهِمِ الْأَعْلَى. 67 وَقَالُوا: ”إِنْ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ هُوَ الْمَسِيحَ، فَقُلْ لَنَا.“ أَجَابَهُمْ: ”إِنْ قُلْتُ لَكُمْ لَا تُصَدِّقُونَ، 68 وَإِنْ سَأَلْتُكُمْ لَا تُجِيبُونَ. 69 لَكِنْ مِنَ الْآنَ يَجْلِسُ الَّذِي صَارَ بَشَرًا عَنْ يَمِينِ اللهِ الْقَدِيرِ.“* 70 فَقَالُوا كُلُّهُمْ: ”هَلْ أَنْتَ إِذَنِ ابْنُ اللهِ؟“* أَجَابَ: ”قُلْتُمُ الصَّوَابَ.“ 71 فَقَالُوا: ”لِمَاذَا نَحْتَاجُ إِلَى شَهَادَةٍ أَكْثَرَ؟ نَحْنُ سَمِعْنَاهَا مِنْ فَمِهِ هُوَ!“
Before the Religious Court
63 The men who were guarding Jesus were mocking him and hitting him. 64 They would cover his face and say to him, “Prophesy: Who hit you?” 65 And they directed many other insults at him.
66 When day came, the elders of the people gathered, both the chief priests and the scholars, and they led Jesus away to their High Council. 67 They said, “If you are the Messiah, tell us.” But he replied, “If I told you, you would not believe [me], 68 and if I asked you, you wouldn't answer. 69 But from now on, the One Who Became Man will sit to the right of God Almighty.*” 70 So they all said, “Are you, then, the Son of God?*” He replied, “You have spoken correctly.” 71 Then they said, “Why do we need further testimony? We have heard it ourselves from his own mouth!”
*22:7 حَمَلَ الْفِصْحِ: خروف تُضحِّي به كل أسرة في مُجمَّع بيت الله ثم يطهونه لعشاء الفصح. كانت وجبة العشاء هذه تقع في أول مساء من عيد الفطير، للاحتفال بحماية أسلافهم بواسطة دم الحمل من ملاك الموت، أي الضربة العاشرة التي أرسلها الله على المصريين في زمن النبي موسى (انظر التوراة، الخروج 12:1-13، 21-30).
*22:7 the Passover lamb: a sheep sacrificed at the Temple by each family and then cooked for the Passover supper. This meal took place on the first evening of the Festival of Unleavened Bread, to celebrate how the blood of a lamb protected their ancestors from the angel of death, which was the tenth plague that God sent against the Egyptians in the time of the prophet Moses (see Torah, Exodus 12:1-13, 21-30).
*22:20 الْعَهْدُ: ميثاق بين الله وشعبه، يقدّم الله فيه وعودًا معيّنة ويطالبهم بسلوك معيّن في المقابل» (قاموس WordNet). كان يتمّ التصديق على مواثيق الله بتضحية دموية. وفي الإنجيل، «العهد الجديد» هو عهد النعمة، وتشمل فوائده المغفرة، وتجديد العلاقة مع الله من خلال الروح القدوس، وتغييرًا داخليًّا يمكّن الإنسان من طاعة مطالبه. وقد تنبّأ الله بالعهد الجديد في كتاب النبي إرميا 31:31-34.
*22:20 covenant: “an agreement between God and his people in which God makes certain promises and requires certain behavior from them in return” (WordNet Dictionary). God's covenants were ratified with a blood sacrifice. In the Bible, the new covenant is “a covenant of grace, the benefits of which include forgiveness, a renewed relationship with God and, through the Holy Spirit, an inward transformation that enables obedience to its demands” (Dictionary of Bible Themes). God foretold the new covenant in the Book of the Prophet Jeremiah 31:31-34.
*22:69 يَجْلِسُ الَّذِي صَارَ بَشَرًا عَنْ يَمِينِ اللهِ الْقَدِيرِ: هذا يعني أنَّ له سلطة من الله باعتباره المسيح للحكم على جميع البشر. والمعنى مشابه لمعنى خليفة الله في الأرض. يُخاطِب الله المسيح المستقبلي في كتاب المزامير (110:1) على لسان النبي داود، قائلًا: ”اِجْلِسْ عَنْ يَمِينِي حَتَّى أَضَعَ أَعْدَاءَكَ تَحْتَ قَدَمَيْكَ“.
*22:69 will sit to the right of God Almighty: This means he has authority from God as the Messiah to rule over all people. The meaning is similar to that of خليفة الله في الأرض God's vice-regent on the earth. In the Book of Psalms (110:1), God speaks to the future Messiah through the prophet David, saying, “Sit at my right hand until I put your enemies under your feet.”
